动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

　　

　　一。 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作， 如：learn， work， stand， lie， know， walk， keep， have， wait， watch， sing， read， sleep， live， stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

　　

　　表示时间段的短语有：for+一段时间，for 2 years； since从句，since he came here； since+时间点名词，since last year， since 5 days ago； how long； for a long time等。

　　

　　例： He has lived here for 6 years.

　　

　　You can keep the book for 5 days.

　　

　　I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.

　　

　　How long did you stay there last year？

　　

　　二。 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词， 表示不能延续的动作， 这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open， die， close， begin， finish， come， go， move， borrow， lend， buy等。

　　

　　非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago； at 5 o'clock

　　

　　例： He died 5 years ago.

　　

　　否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例：

　　

　　I haven't left here for 3 years.

　　

　　I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.examda

　　

　　三。 延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave —— be away， borrow —— keep， buy —— have， begin/start —— be on， die —— be dead， finish —— be over， join —— be in+组织机构， be a member of+组织机构， open sth —— keep sth open， fall ill —— be ill， get up——be up， catch a cold —— have a cold， come here —— be here， go there —— be there， become —— be， come back —— be back， fall asleep —— be asleep， get to/ arrive/reach —— be （in）， leave —— be away from， get to know —— know， go （get） out →be out， put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。

　　

　　例： The old man died 4 years ago. ——The old man has been dead for 4 years. —— It is 4 years since the old man died. ——Four years has passed since the old man died.

　　

　　He joined the Party 2 years ago. ——He has been in the Party for 2 years.

　　

　　I bought the book 5 days ago. —— I have had the book for 5 days.

　　

　　例： He died 5 years ago.

　　

　　否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例：examda

　　

　　I haven't left here for 3 years.

　　

　　I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.

　　

　　I bought the book 5 days ago. —— I have had the book for 5 days.